Introduction
Lithium-ion battery precision structural parts are an integral part of the internal workings of a lithium-ion battery.
Lithium-ion batteries are made up of several internal component materials, namely the cathode (positive electrode), anode, separator (negative electrode), electrolyte, current collectors, and precision structural parts.
Structural parts consist of aluminium or steel shells, cover plates, connecting pieces, and safety structural parts, which directly affect the sealing and energy density performance of the battery cell. In terms of the manufacturing cost, taking prismatic lithium-ion batteries which use aluminium shells as example, the outer casing shell accounts for 16% of the total production cost, and therefore precision structural parts not only play an important role in battery performance but also its share of production cost impacts project economics along various parts of the lithium-ion battery supply chain.
Structural Parts Characteristics
Precision structural parts need to meet performance requirements of lithium-ion batteries being high energy density, high safety and reliability. According to different production processing routes, the packaging shell casing of lithium-ion batteries can be produced in three shapes, namely prismatic, cylindrical, and pouch. The structural parts corresponding to these three shapes are prismatic structural parts, cylindrical structural parts, and aluminum-plastic film.
As a barrier between the active material in the cell and the entire life cycle of the outside world, the packaging case is an important part used in the makeup of lithium-ion batteries. Packaging shells mainly consist of being either cylindrical and prismatic shells. The different shell top cover and shell bottom designs of cylindrical shells make battery shells have different performance characteristics, while the advantage of prismatic shells is that they have larger cell capacity.
Commercialisation
In recent years, many gigafactories have announced their plans to use 4680 large cylindrical batteries, notably BMW announced that it will use 4680 large cylindrical batteries in its new generation electric vehicle models from 2025. According to Tesla, compared to the 2170 battery, the 4680 large cylindrical battery has five times the energy, six times the power output, and a 14% reduction in cost per kWh. The cruising range of an electric vehicle equipped with the 4680 large cylindrical battery can be increased by 16%. Furthermore, BMW announced that it will use 4680 large cylindrical batteries in its new generation electric vehicle models from 2025.
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